Catholics

Catholics are adherents of the Catholic Church, the world's largest Christian church, with about 1.3 billion members. They are in communion with the Pope in Rome, who serves as the Church's spiritual leader. The Catholic Church includes the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches that maintain their own rites but are in communion with Rome.

Core beliefs include Scripture and Sacred Tradition, interpreted by the Magisterium. Catholics recognize seven sacraments: baptism, Eucharist, confirmation, reconciliation, anointing of the sick, holy orders, and matrimony. The Mass is the central liturgical celebration. Catholics also venerate Mary and the saints.

Organizationally, the Church is led by the Pope, with bishops and priests in dioceses and parishes. The Latin Church and the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches share a common faith and communion with Rome. Papal authority is recognized in faith and morals; infallibility applies only in defined conditions.

Historically rooted in early Christianity, Catholicism grew through the medieval period and has influenced education, healthcare, and social services. The Vatican City is an independent city-state that houses the Holy See, the Church's central governing body.

Today Catholics are concentrated in the Americas, Europe, and parts of Africa and Asia. The Church's social teaching emphasizes human dignity, charity, and justice, and it participates in ecumenical and interfaith dialogue.