Lihasvalu

Lihasvalu is a term used to describe pain or discomfort in skeletal muscles. While not a disease itself, it is a common symptom that can arise from various causes, ranging from short-term muscle strain to broader medical conditions. The word combines lihas, meaning muscle, and valu, meaning ache, reflecting its Finnish roots.

Causes of lihasvalu are diverse. Commonly, it follows intense or unfamiliar physical activity, delayed onset muscle soreness after exercise, or muscle strain from overuse. Less frequently, muscle pain may accompany viral infections, autoimmune conditions, or adverse reactions to medications such as statins. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, or poor sleep can also contribute. In some cases, lihasvalu is part of a broader syndrome of myalgia with systemic symptoms.

Symptoms and diagnosis typically rely on clinical judgment. Patients describe a dull or throbbing ache in the affected muscles, sometimes with tenderness, stiffness, or weakness. A physician may look for red flags such as severe swelling, redness, fever, lasting pain beyond a few days, persistent weakness, or dark urine, which could indicate more serious conditions. Diagnostic tests, including blood tests for muscle enzymes (creatine kinase) or imaging, are usually reserved for cases with concerning features or prolonged symptoms.

Management focuses on symptom relief and gradual return to activity. Rest and avoidance of aggravating activities are common early steps. Analgesics such as acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may help. Applying ice or heat, staying hydrated, and performing gentle stretching can ease discomfort. Prevention centers on proper warm-up, progressive training, adequate hydration, balanced nutrition, and adequate rest. If lihasvalu persists beyond several weeks or is accompanied by unusual symptoms, medical evaluation is advised.