Levykuormakoe

Levykuormakoe, often translated as plate load test or bearing capacity test, is a common in-situ geotechnical engineering test used to determine the load-bearing capacity and deformation characteristics of soil or rock. The test involves placing a rigid steel plate on the prepared ground surface and applying a gradually increasing load to it. The settlement of the plate is measured at each load increment.

The test is typically conducted by excavating a small pit to the depth of interest, leveling the ground surface, and then placing the steel plate. The plate is usually circular, with diameters ranging from 150 mm to 750 mm, depending on the soil type and project requirements. A loading frame, such as a reaction beam supported by kentledge or anchors, is used to apply the load. Hydraulic jacks are employed to transfer the load from the frame to the plate. Dial gauges or displacement transducers are mounted to measure the vertical settlement of the plate accurately.

The data collected from a levykuormakoe consists of a series of load-settlement readings. This data can be used to calculate the modulus of deformation (also known as the plate modulus or modulus of subgrade reaction) of the soil or rock. This modulus is a critical parameter for designing foundations, pavements, and other structures that transfer loads to the ground. The test is relatively simple and cost-effective, making it a valuable tool for site investigation and quality control in construction projects. However, its results are influenced by the size of the plate and the depth of the soil layer being tested.