Lernfelder

Lernfelder are thematic units used to structure vocational training in the German dual education system. They organize the curriculum around typical professional activities rather than traditional school subjects, aiming to connect knowledge, skills and professional attitudes in a coherent way.

The content and sequencing of Lernfelder are defined in the Ausbildungsordnung (training regulations) and the associated Ausbildungsrahmenplan (frame plan). They describe which competencies a trainee should acquire at certain stages of the apprenticeship, focusing on what the apprentice can do in real work situations. Lernfelder serve as the basis for both company-based training and instruction in vocational schools, promoting an integrated, competency-oriented approach.

In practice, a training program is built from multiple Lernfelder that reflect the core activities of the occupation. Each Lernfeld specifies learning objectives and expected competencies, such as planning work, applying safety rules, handling materials, interacting with customers, or carrying out quality and process control. Assessment typically combines practical tasks, projects, and knowledge checks, aligned with the Lernfelder, and is complemented by formal exams organized by chambers of industry and commerce (IHK) or crafts (HWK).

The Lernfelder principle offers several benefits: it provides a clear progression, connects theoretical instruction with workplace practice, and helps trainees see how different skills relate to real tasks. While the exact Lernfelder vary by occupation, the approach remains a central element of how vocational education is structured and evaluated in Germany.