Kystiitti

Kystiitti, also known as cystitis, is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the urinary bladder. It is a common form of urinary tract infection (UTI) that affects individuals of all ages, though it is more frequently diagnosed in women due to anatomical differences.

The primary cause of kystiitti is bacterial infection, most often by Escherichia coli, which normally resides in the gastrointestinal tract. The bacteria can enter the urinary tract through the urethra and multiply in the bladder lining, leading to inflammation. Other causes include irritants such as certain medications, hygiene products, or chemical substances, as well as non-infectious factors like bladder trauma or underlying medical conditions.

Symptoms of kystiitti can include a frequent urge to urinate, a burning sensation during urination, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, pelvic discomfort, and, in some cases, blood in the urine. These symptoms may vary in severity and duration, with some cases being asymptomatic.

Diagnosis typically involves a urinalysis to detect infection, blood, or other abnormalities. In recurrent or complicated cases, urine cultures or imaging studies may be performed to identify underlying factors or additional infections.

Treatment generally includes antibiotics to eradicate the bacterial infection. Adequate hydration and certain pain relief measures may alleviate symptoms. Preventive strategies comprise proper hygiene, urinating after sexual activity, and addressing any predisposing factors.

While most cases of kystiitti resolve with appropriate treatment, chronic or recurrent infections may require further medical evaluation to identify and manage contributing factors. If untreated, severe infections can ascend to involve the kidneys, causing pyelonephritis, which necessitates urgent medical attention.