Kubera

Kubera, also known as Kuvera or Kuber, is a deity in Hindu and Buddhist traditions revered as the god of wealth and the king of the Yakshas, a class of nature spirits associated with treasure. He is commonly regarded as the guardian of the northern direction among the Dikpalas, the principal guardians of the world.

In Hindu mythology, Kubera is traditionally described as the son of the sage Vishrava. His mother is variously named in different texts, with Kaikesi (also known as Kaikasi) and other figures appearing in some versions. He is described as Ravana’s half-brother in many retellings. Kubera’s realm is often identified with Alakapuri, a fabled city in the Himalayas, and he is depicted as a lord who accumulates and dispenses wealth, sometimes accompanied by a retinue of yakshas.

Iconography typically shows Kubera as a stout figure with a wholesome, prosperous appearance, adorned with jewels and gold. He is frequently depicted holding a money bag, a club or mace, and a wreath of jewels, sometimes seated on a throne or in a chariot. A second common motif is a pot of gems or a jewel-encrusted belly, symbolizing abundance.

Worship and cultural role: Kubera is invoked for prosperity and success in business and trade and is honored in various regions during religious festivals, often alongside Lakshmi. In Buddhist and Jain traditions, he is respected as a guardian of wealth and a protector of the northern direction. The character of Kubera appears in a variety of temple traditions, folklore, and iconography across South Asia and beyond.