Korkeustieto

Korkeustieto, often translated as "height information" or "elevation data," refers to data that describes the vertical position of a point on or above the Earth's surface. This information is crucial in various fields, including surveying, cartography, engineering, and geographical information systems (GIS). Elevation data can be represented in several ways, most commonly as a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) or a Digital Surface Model (DSM). A DEM typically depicts the bare earth's surface, excluding vegetation and buildings, while a DSM includes these above-ground features.

The acquisition of korkeustieto can be achieved through various methods. Traditional surveying techniques involve direct measurement using instruments like theodolites and levels. More modern approaches utilize remote sensing technologies such as LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), photogrammetry from aerial or satellite imagery, and radar interferometry. These technologies allow for the efficient collection of elevation data over large areas.

Korkeustieto has numerous practical applications. In civil engineering, it is essential for planning and designing infrastructure like roads, bridges, and dams, ensuring proper drainage and slope. For disaster management, elevation data is critical for flood modeling, landslide risk assessment, and understanding the impact of tsunamis. Cartographers use it to create topographic maps that visually represent the terrain's relief. Furthermore, korkeustieto is fundamental for 3D modeling, virtual reality environments, and scientific research, such as analyzing landforms and hydrological processes. The accuracy and resolution of the collected korkeustieto directly influence the reliability of these applications.