Konventions

Konventions are accepted norms, rules, or agreements that guide the behavior of individuals and groups. The term is used in several languages to describe both informal social practices and formal arrangements negotiated among parties. Conventions help coordinate action, reduce uncertainty, and enable efficient communication within a community.

Etymology and scope: The word derives from Latin conventio and has been transmitted through various European languages, where it denotes an arrangement or agreement that is agreed upon by consensus, rather than necessarily requiring coercive force. The notion covers social practices as well as legally binding or quasi-binding agreements.

Social conventions: Social conventions encompass everyday etiquette, greetings, queuing, and norms of conversation. They are often tacit, learned early in life, and reinforced by social approval or disapproval. They can vary across cultures and may change as social attitudes evolve, technology advances, or audiences shift.

Legal and diplomatic conventions: In international relations, conventions are formal agreements among states or organizations. They may become legally binding treaties or normative practices that guide behavior without formal enforcement. Constitutional conventions describe practices that political actors regard as binding, even if not enforceable by courts, such as established procedures for government formation or legislative conduct.

Scientific and technical conventions: Within science and engineering, conventions standardize units, symbols, and procedures to ensure interoperability and reproducibility. Examples include the SI system, chemical nomenclature, and programming or citation styles.

Negotiation and change: Conventions facilitate cooperation and predictability but can also entrench power imbalances or hinder innovation. They are subject to renegotiation as cultures, technologies, and institutions evolve. See also convention (disambiguation).