Kokonaiskortisolin

Kokonaiskortisolin refers to the total amount of cortisol circulating in the bloodstream. Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, playing a crucial role in the body's stress response, metabolism, immune function, and inflammation regulation. It is often measured in blood tests to assess adrenal gland function and diagnose various conditions.

The measurement of kokonaiskortisolin includes both free cortisol, which is biologically active and unbound to proteins, and protein-bound cortisol. In the blood, cortisol primarily circulates attached to corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) and albumin. Only the free fraction is available to interact with cellular receptors and exert its effects.

Levels of kokonaiskortisolin fluctuate throughout the day, following a circadian rhythm. They are typically highest in the morning upon waking and gradually decrease throughout the day, reaching their lowest point around midnight. This diurnal variation is important to consider when interpreting test results.

Elevated levels of kokonaiskortisolin can be indicative of conditions such as Cushing's syndrome, which is characterized by prolonged exposure to high cortisol levels. Conversely, low levels may suggest adrenal insufficiency, such as Addison's disease, where the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol. Factors like stress, certain medications, pregnancy, and other medical conditions can also influence kokonaiskortisolin levels. Accurate diagnosis often requires considering the measurement in conjunction with clinical symptoms and other diagnostic tests.