Klusterikipu

Klusterikipu, also known as cluster headache, is a severe neurological condition characterized by excruciating pain on one side of the head. It typically occurs in cyclical patterns or "clusters," with individuals experiencing frequent attacks during a cluster period. The pain is often described as sharp, piercing, or burning, and is usually located around the eye, temple, or forehead.

Attacks of klusterikipu are commonly accompanied by autonomic symptoms on the same side of the head as the pain. These can include a drooping eyelid, pupil constriction, tearing of the eye, nasal congestion or runny nose, and facial sweating. Agitation and restlessness are also common during an attack. Episodes typically last from 15 minutes to 3 hours and can occur several times a day.

The exact cause of klusterikipu remains unknown, but it is believed to involve the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that regulates biological rhythms. Triggers can include alcohol consumption, strong smells, and changes in sleep patterns, although these vary among individuals. Klusterikipu is more common in men than in women, and it often begins in the 20s or 30s.

Diagnosis is based on the characteristic pattern of symptoms and the patient's medical history. While there is no cure, treatments aim to relieve acute pain and prevent future attacks. Acute treatments may involve oxygen therapy or triptan medications. Preventive strategies can include medications like verapamil or lithium. Managing klusterikipu often requires a comprehensive approach involving medication and lifestyle adjustments.