Kljub

Kljub is a Slovenian preposition that expresses concession, translating to "despite" or "in spite of." It introduces a following element that shows what is being contrasted with the outcome, such as a noun phrase in the genitive case or a clause introduced by the phrase "temu" or "da" in the construction "kljub temu, da" meaning "in spite of the fact that."

In usage, kljub is invariable and typically governs the genitive form of the following noun or pronoun. It can link to a simple noun phrase, as in "Kljub vremenu," or to a full subordinate clause through the common expression "kljub temu, da" (e.g., "Kljub temu, da je bilo težko, team je vztrajal"). The construction is widely used in both spoken and written Slovenian and is a standard way to indicate that an outcome occurs notwithstanding the stated factors.

Kljub is often seen in formal and informal registers and can be used with a variety of contexts, including weather, circumstances, or challenges. In more colloquial style, speakers frequently rely on the fixed form "kljub temu" to introduce a contrasting remark, or simply append a clause to emphasize persistence contrary to expectations.

Examples include: "Kljub vremenu smo šli na pohod" and "Kljub temu so ostali doma." These illustrate how kljub marks a contrast between an obstacle or unfavorable condition and the eventual result.