Keuhkoputkentulehdus

Keuhkoputkentulehdus, also known as bronchitis, is an inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs. This inflammation causes the bronchial tubes to swell and produce more mucus, leading to a cough and difficulty breathing.

There are two main types of keuhkoputkentulehdus: acute and chronic. Acute keuhkoputkentulehdus is a short-term illness that usually develops after a cold or other respiratory infection. Symptoms typically include a cough that may produce mucus, fatigue, and a slight fever. It usually resolves within a few weeks.

Chronic keuhkoputkentulehdus is a long-term condition that is often part of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is characterized by a persistent cough that produces mucus for at least three months a year for two consecutive years. Smoking is the leading cause of chronic keuhkoputkentulehdus. Other causes include air pollution, dust, and chemical fumes.

Diagnosis of keuhkoputkentulehdus is usually based on a physical examination and a review of symptoms. In some cases, further tests such as a chest X-ray or pulmonary function tests may be performed to rule out other conditions or assess the severity of the disease.

Treatment for acute keuhkoputkentulehdus focuses on relieving symptoms and may include rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications for cough and fever. Antibiotics are generally not effective for acute bronchitis as it is most often caused by viruses. For chronic keuhkoputkentulehdus, treatment aims to manage symptoms and slow disease progression. This may involve bronchodilators, inhaled steroids, pulmonary rehabilitation, and in severe cases, oxygen therapy. Smoking cessation is crucial for individuals with chronic keuhkoputkentulehdus.