Keratitiden

Keratitiden refers to a group of inflammatory conditions affecting the cornea, the transparent outer layer of the eye. Inflammation of the cornea can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections, trauma, and underlying systemic diseases. The most common causes of infectious keratitis include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and Acanthamoeba. Bacterial keratitis is often associated with contact lens wear, particularly with improper hygiene or extended wear. Viral keratitis can be caused by herpes simplex virus or varicella zoster virus, leading to recurrent episodes. Fungal keratitis is more prevalent in tropical climates and can result from corneal injury by plant matter. Acanthamoeba keratitis is a serious infection often linked to contact lens use contaminated with water.

Symptoms of keratitis can vary depending on the cause and severity but commonly include eye pain, redness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light (photophobia), and a feeling of something in the eye. In severe cases, a visible ulcer or opacity may develop on the cornea. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough eye examination, including slit-lamp microscopy, and may include corneal cultures to identify the causative organism.

Treatment for keratitis depends on the underlying cause. Bacterial infections are usually treated with frequent administration of topical antibiotics. Antiviral medications are used for viral keratitis, while antifungal agents are prescribed for fungal infections. Acanthamoeba keratitis requires specific antiamoebic medications. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to prevent complications such as corneal scarring, vision loss, or even perforation. Maintaining good eye hygiene, especially for contact lens wearers, is essential for preventing keratitis.