Kapselotähystys

Kapselotähystys, also known as capsule endoscopy, is a medical procedure used to examine the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. It involves swallowing a small, disposable capsule containing a camera, a light source, and a battery. As the capsule travels through the digestive system, it captures thousands of images of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. These images are transmitted wirelessly to a portable recording device worn by the patient. The recorded data can then be downloaded to a computer for a doctor to review, identifying any abnormalities such as bleeding, inflammation, ulcers, or tumors.

The procedure is typically painless and does not require sedation. Patients are usually instructed to fast for several hours before the test and to avoid certain medications. After swallowing the capsule, they can usually resume normal activities, though they may be advised to avoid strenuous exercise or heavy lifting. The capsule is naturally passed out of the body within a few days and is disposable.

Kapselotähystys is particularly useful for visualizing the small intestine, which is difficult to reach with traditional endoscopic methods like gastroscopy or colonoscopy. It is often used to diagnose the cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, unexplained abdominal pain, or Crohn's disease. While generally safe, there is a small risk that the capsule may become lodged in a narrow part of the digestive tract, particularly in patients with known strictures. In such cases, retrieval might be necessary.