Kapillaarientsenteellä

Kapillaarientsenteellä refers to a method of chemical analysis or separation that utilizes capillaries. These are extremely narrow tubes, often with internal diameters ranging from a few micrometers to a few hundred micrometers. The small size of the capillaries is central to the technique's effectiveness, leading to a high surface-area-to-volume ratio and facilitating efficient mass transfer and heat dissipation.

The principle behind kapillaarientsenteellä often involves applying an electric field or pressure gradient across the capillary. In capillary electrophoresis, charged analytes migrate through the capillary under the influence of an electric field, separating based on differences in their electrophoretic mobility and the electroosmotic flow. In capillary chromatography, a mobile phase is pumped through the capillary, carrying analytes through a stationary phase packed within the capillary, leading to separation based on differential interactions.

These techniques are highly sensitive and require very small sample volumes, making them suitable for analyzing precious or limited samples. Kapillaarientsenteellä finds applications in various fields, including biochemistry, pharmaceuticals, environmental analysis, and forensics. They are employed for the separation and quantification of a wide range of substances, such as proteins, nucleic acids, ions, and small organic molecules. The high resolution achievable with capillary-based methods allows for the distinction of closely related compounds.