Kapasitori

Kapasitori is a term used in Indonesian-language technical literature to refer to electrical capacitors. In many contexts kapasitori denotes the same component as kapasitor, a passive electronic component consisting of two conductive plates separated by a dielectric. When a voltage is applied, charge builds on the plates and the device stores energy with Q = C·V, where C is the capacitance, measured in farads. The stored energy is E = 1/2 C V^2.

Capacitors come in various types, including ceramic, electrolytic (polarized), film, tantalum, and supercapacitors. Ceramic capacitors are general-purpose; electrolytic and tantalum offer higher capacitance in small volumes but may have polarity constraints; film capacitors are known for stability and low losses; supercapacitors store large amounts of energy but have lower voltage ratings and higher leakage. Selection depends on voltage, capacitance, tolerance, temperature behavior, and size.

Typical applications include smoothing and decoupling in power supplies, waveform shaping, signal coupling and bypassing, timing circuits, and energy storage in pulsed systems. In circuit diagrams the symbol is two parallel lines, sometimes with a curved plate for polarized types, and the unit is the farad, with submultiples such as microfarad (µF) and nanofarad (nF).

Historically, the concept of a capacitor dates to early Leyden jars and subsequent developments in dielectric materials. The modern term capacitor derives from the ability to store charge; its Indonesian form kapasitorio is a natural linguistic variant used by some writers and educators, though kapasitor remains widely used.