Kaokoland

Kaokoland is a geographic and cultural region in the northwestern part of Namibia, within the Kunene Region. The area is known for its rugged landscapes, arid climate, and sparse population. The Kunene River and the Kaoko mountains define much of the interior, and Epupa Falls, where the river forms the border with Angola, is one of the region’s most prominent natural features. The coast to the west is associated with the Skeleton Coast, though Kaokoland itself is predominantly inland.

Population and culture: The Himba people are among the best-known inhabitants of Kaokoland. They practice a traditional pastoralist lifestyle, with distinctive dress and hairstyles that reflect cultural and social practices. Villages are concentrated in river valleys and along trade routes, coexisting with wildlife habitats and modern settlements.

Wildlife and conservation: The region supports desert-adapted wildlife, including elephants that migrate along the Kunene River and across the Namibia-Angola border. Kaokoland encompasses riverine and arid habitats, and several community-based conservancies and protected areas work to balance conservation with local livelihoods. Cross-border conservation initiatives aim to sustain wildlife populations and support sustainable tourism.

Access and economy: Opuwo is the regional administrative hub and a common base for travelers exploring Kaokoland. Roads are mainly gravel, and travel to Epupa Falls and remote Himba settlements is typical for visitors. The economy relies on a combination of tourism, livestock, and cross-border trade, with ongoing efforts to develop sustainable, community-oriented tourism.

Overall, Kaokoland is recognized for its dramatic scenery, enduring cultural traditions, and distinctive desert-adapted ecosystems.