Kandidoosit

Kandidoosit, commonly known as thrush or yeast infection, refers to an infection caused by fungi belonging to the genus Candida. The most frequent culprit is Candida albicans, a yeast that is a normal inhabitant of the human body, found in the mouth, gut, and on the skin, usually without causing harm. However, under certain conditions, Candida can overgrow and lead to an infection.

Factors that can predispose individuals to candidiasis include a weakened immune system, often due to conditions like HIV/AIDS, cancer treatments, or the use of immunosuppressant medications. Antibiotic use can disrupt the natural balance of microorganisms in the body, allowing Candida to multiply. Hormonal changes, such as those experienced during pregnancy or by individuals with diabetes, can also increase susceptibility. Certain medical conditions or treatments, like chemotherapy, and the use of corticosteroids can also play a role.

The symptoms of candidiasis vary depending on the site of infection. Oral thrush typically presents as white patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, or roof of the mouth, which can be painful. Vaginal candidiasis, a common form in women, causes itching, burning, and a thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge. Skin candidiasis can manifest as a red, itchy rash, particularly in skin folds like the groin or under the breasts. Invasive candidiasis, a serious bloodstream infection, occurs when Candida enters the bloodstream and can affect vital organs. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical presentation and laboratory tests, such as microscopic examination or culture of samples from the affected area. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications, which can be topical or oral, depending on the severity and location of the infection.