Külmetushaiguse

Külmetushaiguse, often referred to as the common cold, is a widespread viral infection primarily affecting the upper respiratory tract, including the nose and throat. It is caused by a variety of viruses, with rhinoviruses being the most frequent culprits. Transmission typically occurs through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or by touching contaminated surfaces and then touching one's eyes, nose, or mouth.

Symptoms of a külmetushaigus usually manifest within one to three days of infection and can include a runny nose, sore throat, cough, congestion, mild body aches, and sometimes a low-grade fever. While the symptoms can be uncomfortable, they are generally mild and resolve on their own within a week to ten days. There is no cure for the common cold; treatment focuses on managing symptoms to provide relief. This can involve rest, staying hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, and using over-the-counter medications such as decongestants, pain relievers, and cough suppressants.

Preventative measures include frequent handwashing with soap and water, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and not touching one's face. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and adequate sleep, can also support the immune system's ability to fight off infections. While generally harmless, külmetushaigus can sometimes lead to secondary infections like sinusitis or ear infections, particularly in vulnerable populations.