Kõrvapulga

Kõrvapulga, also known as *Otitis Externa* in medical terminology, refers to an inflammation or infection of the external ear canal, the tube leading from the outer ear to the eardrum. This condition is commonly known as "swimmer’s ear" due to its frequent occurrence among individuals who swim frequently, as water can soften the ear canal skin and create an environment conducive to bacterial or fungal growth.

Symptoms of kõrvapulga typically include ear pain, particularly when pulling on the earlobe or pressing on the tragus (the small cartilage flap in front of the ear), itching, redness, swelling, and sometimes a discharge of fluid or pus. In some cases, the ear canal may appear partially blocked due to swelling, leading to a temporary reduction in hearing. Pain may worsen at night or when lying down, as gravity can cause fluid to accumulate in the ear canal.

The condition is usually caused by bacteria, such as *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*, though fungi or viruses can also be responsible. Risk factors include prolonged exposure to water, excessive ear canal cleaning with cotton swabs, skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis, or damage to the ear canal from objects like q-tips. People with weakened immune systems or those who frequently use earplugs or hearing aids are also more susceptible.

Diagnosis is typically made through a physical examination by a healthcare professional, who may use an otoscope to inspect the ear canal and eardrum. Treatment often involves keeping the ear dry, using antibiotic or antifungal ear drops, and applying warm compresses to relieve pain. In more severe cases, oral antibiotics may be prescribed. Prevention includes drying the ears thoroughly after swimming or bathing, avoiding inserting objects into the ear canal, and wearing earplugs while swimming.

Most cases of kõrvapulga resolve within a week with proper treatment, though complications such as chronic infections or spread of infection to deeper structures of the ear can occur if left untreated. Consulting a healthcare provider is recommended for persistent symptoms or signs of worsening infection.