Juukseläiget

Juukseläiget, often translated as "hair lice," refers to an infestation of the human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis. These tiny, wingless insects are external parasites that live on the human scalp and feed on blood. They are not associated with poor hygiene and can affect anyone regardless of their cleanliness.

The primary symptom of juukseläiget is intense itching of the scalp, which can lead to scratching and subsequent skin irritation or secondary infections. Lice themselves are difficult to see, but their eggs, called nits, are more commonly observed. Nits are tiny, oval-shaped, and firmly attached to hair shafts, typically close to the scalp. They can be mistaken for dandruff, but unlike dandruff, nits cannot be easily flicked off.

Transmission of juukseläiget occurs through direct head-to-head contact. It can also spread through shared items like combs, brushes, hats, scarves, and towels, although this is less common. Diagnosis is usually made by visually inspecting the hair and scalp for live lice or nits.

Treatment for juukseläiget typically involves over-the-counter or prescription medicated shampoos, lotions, or rinses that kill the lice. Mechanical removal of nits using a fine-toothed comb is also an important part of the treatment process. Environmental cleaning, such as washing bedding and clothing in hot water, is often recommended to prevent reinfestation. Public health campaigns often focus on educating communities about prevention and proper treatment methods to control the spread of these common parasites.