Isiksusehäiretega

Isiksusehäiretega refers to individuals who experience personality disorders. A personality disorder is a type of mental disorder in which a person has a rigid and unhealthy pattern of thinking, functioning, and behaving. These patterns cause significant problems and distress in a person's life, affecting relationships, social activities, work, and school.

The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) categorizes personality disorders into three main clusters based on similar characteristics. Cluster A includes paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders, often characterized by odd or eccentric thinking or behavior. Cluster B includes antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders, typically marked by dramatic, emotional, or unpredictable thinking or behavior. Cluster C includes avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders, which are generally characterized by anxious or fearful thinking or behavior.

The exact causes of personality disorders are not fully understood but are believed to involve a combination of genetic predispositions, environmental factors such as childhood trauma or abuse, and neurobiological differences. Diagnosis is made by a mental health professional based on a thorough evaluation of an individual's long-term patterns of behavior and functioning.

Treatment for personality disorders often involves psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy. Different types of therapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), can help individuals develop healthier coping mechanisms and improve their interpersonal relationships. Medication may sometimes be used to manage co-occurring mental health conditions like depression or anxiety, but it does not directly treat the personality disorder itself.