IoTn

IoTn is a term used to describe a class of Internet of Things networks that emphasize interoperable, scalable, and secure connectivity across diverse devices and networks. It refers to an approach to designing IoT systems where end-to-end interoperability and edge-to-cloud data flows are central, enabling seamless data exchange and control across different vendors and contexts.

IoTn is not a single standard but a conceptual framework that guides architecture, protocols, and governance. A typical IoTn reference architecture includes four layers: the device layer with sensors and actuators and device identity; the edge layer with gateways and edge computing resources for local processing and privacy-preserving aggregation; the transport or network layer handling device-to-network connectivity through IPv6, 6LoWPAN, MQTT, CoAP, or other protocols; and the application layer where data is analyzed and services are delivered. Some models include an interoperability layer that provides common device models and semantic mappings to support cross-vendor operation.

Key technologies in IoTn include lightweight messaging (MQTT, CoAP), machine-to-machine protocols (LwM2M), and web-oriented APIs (REST/JSON). Constrained-device protocols and mesh networking (6LoWPAN, RPL) are common in sensor-rich segments. Security considerations emphasize device authentication, secure boot, end-to-end encryption, secure OTA updates, and a managed identity framework.

Applications span smart cities, industrial automation, agriculture, energy management, and health monitoring. By focusing on standardized interfaces and edge-centric processing, IoTn aims to reduce fragmentation and improve resilience in large-scale IoT deployments.

See also: Internet of Things, edge computing, ISO/IEC 30141, IEEE 2413, MQTT, CoAP.