Invertori

Invertori is the plural of inverter in Italian and is used in technical contexts to refer to devices that reverse or convert signals or power. In power electronics, an inverter converts direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). This enables DC sources such as batteries, solar modules, or fuel cells to supply AC loads or to interface with an electrical grid. Modern power inverters range from microinverters attached to individual solar panels to central inverters used in utility-scale installations. They employ switching semiconductor devices (IGBTs, MOSFETs) and modulation techniques such as PWM to generate an AC waveform. Output filters reduce high-frequency components and harmonics, and many designs include protection, grid-connection features, and efficiency optimization. Key performance metrics include efficiency, total harmonic distortion, reliability, and rated power.

Applications encompass solar photovoltaic systems, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electric vehicle drive systems, and industrial motor controls. MPPT (maximum power point tracking) is commonly integrated in solar inverters to maximize energy capture, while anti-islanding protections help ensure safe grid operation. Ongoing developments strive for higher switching speeds, improved thermal management, and compliance with safety and grid-connection standards.

In electronics, the term inverter also refers to a logic gate that inverts a binary signal (NOT gate). In Italian technical language, this is often called invertitore logico.