Intralingualtekstitys

Intralingualtekstitys, or intralingual subtitling, refers to the practice of providing on-screen text in the same language as the original audiovisual content. These subtitles can function as captions or transcripts and are used to improve accessibility for deaf and hard-of-hearing audiences, to aid language learners, or to support viewing in noisy or explanatory environments. Depending on the audience and platform, intralingual subtitles may include non-speech information such as speaker identification, sound effects, and music cues.

The main distinction from interlingual subtitling is that intralingual subtitles do not translate the dialogue into another language. They are often presented as captions designed to convey spoken words as accurately as possible within readability constraints, but they can also be condensed for readability or extended to include dialect, register, or emphasis. In practice, the same text track may be called captions when it emphasizes accessibility features, and subtitles when it emphasizes text for comprehension, but both can be intralingual.

Formats and delivery methods vary. Subtitles can be open (always visible) or closed (user-enabled), and they appear in synchrony with the audio. They are used across television, streaming platforms, films, and educational videos, and are increasingly part of formal accessibility and inclusion guidelines. Production involves careful transcription or transcription-editing, timing, and formatting to balance fidelity with readability. Challenges include ensuring accuracy, consistency, reading speed, and compliance with copyright and accessibility standards.