Insulinoterapi

Insulinoterapi is a medical treatment that involves the administration of insulin to individuals with diabetes. Insulin is a hormone naturally produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels by helping glucose move from the bloodstream into cells for energy. In people with diabetes, the pancreas either does not produce enough insulin or the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. This leads to hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar.

Insulinoterapi is primarily used to manage type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune condition where the body destroys insulin-producing cells. It is also used for type 2 diabetes when other treatments, such as diet, exercise, and oral medications, are insufficient to control blood glucose levels. The goal of insulinoterapi is to maintain blood glucose within a target range, reducing the risk of short-term complications like diabetic ketoacidosis and long-term complications such as heart disease, kidney damage, nerve damage, and eye problems.

Insulin can be administered through various methods, most commonly by injection using a syringe and needle, an insulin pen, or an insulin pump. Insulin pens offer convenience and ease of use, while insulin pumps provide continuous delivery of insulin, mimicking the body's natural basal insulin secretion. The type of insulin used, the dosage, and the timing of administration are individualized based on a person's needs, lifestyle, and blood glucose monitoring results. Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is crucial for effective insulinoterapi management.