Implanteet

Implanteet is Finnish for dental implants, the artificial tooth roots placed into the jawbone to support prosthetic teeth. They are used to replace one or more missing teeth and can anchor crowns, bridges, or removable prostheses. The success of implant treatment relies on the process of osseointegration, where living bone bonds with the implant surface.

Most implants are endosseous fixtures made of titanium or titanium alloys, chosen for biocompatibility and strength. Zirconia implants are also available as a metal-free alternative. A typical implant system includes the fixture that sits in bone, an abutment that connects to the restoration, and the dental prosthesis. Surfaces may be treated to enhance bone integration.

Planning and candidacy require sufficient bone volume and healthy gums. Evaluation includes clinical examination and imaging, such as X-rays or CT scans. Factors that affect candidacy include systemic health, smoking, and control of any periodontal disease. Some patients may need bone augmentation or sinus lift procedures to achieve adequate support.

The placement procedure is usually surgical and may be staged or performed in a single visit depending on the case. After placement, a healing period allows osseointegration before the abutment and restoration are fitted. In selected cases, immediate loading of a provisional restoration is possible.

Risks and complications include surgical infections, nerve or sinus injuries, implant failure due to poor integration, and peri-implant diseases that affect surrounding tissues. Long-term success depends on good oral hygiene, regular follow-up care, and proper prosthetic maintenance.

Historically, implant concepts were developed in the mid-20th century and later refined into modern dental implants. In Finnish dental practice, implanteet are a standard option for tooth replacement when there is sufficient bone and healthy periodontal conditions.