Imobilizované

Imobilizované is the past participle of the verb imobilizovat in Czech and Slovak, meaning immobilized. It is used as an adjective to describe objects, tissues, or processes that have been fixed in place or made unable to move, often through a deliberate intervention.

In medical contexts, immobilization refers to restricting movement of a body part, most commonly after a fracture or surgery. Techniques include plaster casts, fiberglass splints, braces, or external fixation devices. The goal is to maintain alignment, reduce pain, and promote healing. Immobilization may be temporary or extended, and it can lead to adverse effects such as muscle atrophy, joint stiffness, skin problems, or circulatory issues. Rehabilitation and periodic reassessment are standard parts of treatment.

In biotechnology and biochemistry, immobilized refers to enzymes, cells, or other catalysts that are attached to a solid support or trapped in a matrix. Immobilization enables reuse, simplifies product separation, and can increase stability under process conditions. Common methods include adsorption, covalent binding, entrapment, or encapsulation on carriers such as beads, gels, or porous materials. Applications include industrial biocatalysis, biosensors, and wastewater treatment; limitations may include reduced activity, diffusion limitations, and loss of bound material over time.

In accounting and finance, the term is used for fixed or long-term assets that are not intended for sale in the ordinary course of business. Imobilizované aktiva (imobilizovaná aktiva) include tangible assets such as buildings and machinery, intangible assets such as patents, and financial fixed assets. They are recorded separately from current assets and are typically depreciated or amortized over their expected useful lives.