Ihottumat

Ihottumat is the plural form of ihottuma, the Finnish word for rash. In medical terms, ihottumat describe changes in the skin that cause redness, itching, swelling, and lesions. They can be localized or widespread and may appear as flat red patches, raised bumps, blisters, scales, or crusts.

Causes include irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, infections (viral, bacterial, fungal), autoimmune conditions such as eczema and psoriasis, drug reactions, heat or sweat-related rashes, and insect bites. Rashes often arise after exposure to soaps, cosmetics, metals, plants, or medications.

Symptoms vary but commonly include itching, warmth or burning, and changes in skin texture. Diagnosis is usually clinical, based on history and exam; tests such as patch testing, skin swabs, biopsy, or blood tests may be used to identify the cause.

Treatment depends on the cause and severity. General care includes avoiding triggers, gentle cleansing, and regular moisturizers. Itching may be relieved with antihistamines; inflammation with topical corticosteroids. Infections require specific therapy (antibiotics or antifungals). Severe, spreading, or systemic symptoms require prompt medical evaluation.

Prognosis ranges from self-limiting to chronic. Many ihottumat resolve with basic skin care, while others require ongoing management, particularly chronic dermatitis or psoriasis. Prevention focuses on avoiding known irritants and allergens, using mild products, and protecting the skin from extreme temperatures and sun.