ihottuma

Ihottuma is a Finnish medical term for a rash, a broad category describing abnormal skin findings on the surface of the skin. Rashes may appear as red patches, bumps, blisters, scales, or crusts and are often itchy or painful. They can be limited to a small area or cover large areas, and may indicate an underlying condition or reaction.

Common symptoms include itchiness, redness, warmth, swelling, and changes in texture such as dryness or flaking. Some rashes ooze, crust, or form blisters. In a minority of cases, fever or malaise accompanies a widespread rash, which warrants medical evaluation.

Causes are diverse. Irritants (soaps, detergents) and allergens (nickel, perfumes) can trigger contact dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a common chronic form. Infections (bacterial, viral, fungal), medications, bites, heat, sun exposure, and autoimmune or metabolic conditions can also cause rashes.

Major categories include contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, urticaria (hives), drug eruptions, and infections. Less common causes include psoriasis-related rashes and pityriasis rosea. Distribution and history guide diagnosis; tests may be used in unclear cases.

Diagnosis is usually clinical. Patch testing or skin swabs can identify triggers or infections. Treatment focuses on removing irritants, hydrating the skin, and reducing inflammation with moisturizers and topical corticosteroids. Severe cases may require systemic therapy or dermatologist referral.

Most uncomplicated rashes improve within days to weeks with proper care and avoidance of triggers. Chronic forms may persist. Prevention centers on gentle skin care and avoiding known irritants or allergens, with prompt care for spreading or feverish rashes.