Idomformátumok

Idomformátumok, also known as shape formats, refer to the various ways in which geometric shapes can be represented and stored in digital systems. These formats are crucial for applications dealing with computer graphics, geographic information systems (GIS), CAD (Computer-Aided Design), and 3D modeling. They define the structure and encoding of data that describes points, lines, polygons, curves, and complex three-dimensional objects.

Commonly encountered shape formats include vector-based formats like SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), which uses XML to describe two-dimensional shapes, and DXF (Drawing Exchange Format), often used in CAD software for exchanging drawing data. Raster formats, such as BMP or JPEG, can also represent shapes as collections of pixels, though this is less common for precise geometric definitions.

In GIS, specific shape formats like ESRI's Shapefile are prevalent for storing geographic features. A Shapefile is not a single file but a collection of files (e.g., .shp for geometry, .shx for index, .dbf for attributes). Other GIS formats include GeoJSON, a text-based format derived from JSON, and KML (Keyhole Markup Language), used by Google Earth.

The choice of shape format depends heavily on the intended use. Vector formats are preferred for scalability and precise geometric operations, while raster formats are better suited for representing images or scanned data. The ability to interpret and process these diverse idomformátumok is fundamental for many software applications.