Hypertelorism

Hypertelorism is a medical term used to describe the abnormal widening of the distance between two organs or body parts that are normally close together. Most commonly, it refers to widely spaced eyes, medically known as ocular hypertelorism. This condition is not a disease in itself but rather a physical sign that can be associated with various genetic syndromes, developmental abnormalities, or congenital conditions.

The appearance of hypertelorism can range from mild to severe. In cases of ocular hypertelorism, the inner corners of the eyes (canthi) are further apart than usual, giving the impression of a broader face or a disproportionate arrangement of facial features. The distance between the pupils can also be increased. While it can be a standalone feature, it often occurs in conjunction with other craniofacial anomalies.

Diagnosing hypertelorism typically involves a physical examination and may be confirmed with imaging studies such as X-rays or CT scans to measure the intercanthal distance. The underlying cause of hypertelorism must be identified to determine the appropriate management. Treatment, if any, depends on the severity of the condition and the presence of other associated medical issues. In some instances, surgical correction may be considered to improve both cosmetic appearance and, in some cases, functional aspects like vision.