Hyperreaktivisuustestit

Hyperreaktivisuustestit, also known as hyperreactivity tests, are diagnostic procedures used primarily in allergy and immunology to assess the reactivity of the immune system to specific antigens or stimuli. These tests are designed to measure exaggerated or abnormal immune responses, which can indicate hypersensitivity or allergic conditions.

The most common forms of hyperreaktivisuustestit include skin prick tests, intradermal tests, and provocation tests. Skin prick tests involve introducing a small amount of allergen into the skin's superficial layer, usually on the forearm or back, and observing for immediate allergic reactions such as swelling or redness. Intradermal tests involve injecting a diluted allergen directly into the skin's dermis, offering increased sensitivity. Provocation tests involve the controlled exposure to an allergen or stimulus under medical supervision, often used for diagnosing responses to foods or respiratory triggers.

These tests are valuable in identifying specific allergens responsible for allergic reactions and in guiding treatment plans, including allergen avoidance and immunotherapy. However, they carry risks such as false positives and, in rare cases, systemic allergic reactions, thus requiring careful administration by trained healthcare professionals.

Hyperreaktivisuustestit are generally safe when performed correctly but are not suitable for individuals with severe skin conditions, recent use of antihistamines, or recent anaphylactic episodes. Overall, they serve as a crucial tool in allergy diagnosis, helping to clarify sensitivities and tailor appropriate management strategies.