Huuli

Huuli, the Mongolian word for law, is the central concept in the Mongolian legal system and in everyday language. The term denotes both the body of rules that govern society and the individual statutes or provisions within those rules. In Mongolian discourse, huuli encompasses civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional law, as well as the processes by which laws are interpreted and enforced.

Historically, Mongolian legal practice blended customary norms with state-issued regulations. Traditional codes guided social behavior in nomadic and settled communities, while later regimes introduced formal statutes and administrative rules to regulate politics, economy, and daily life.

In the contemporary state, Mongolia operates under a written constitutional framework. The constitution outlines the separation of powers among the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary, and it provides for the protection of basic rights. Laws are enacted by the legislature and implemented through government agencies, with judicial review to ensure constitutional compliance. The judiciary is organized in a hierarchical system that includes courts at various levels and a constitutional or similar high court to adjudicate constitutional matters.

The legal system covers civil and commercial matters, criminal offenses, administrative and procedural rules, and the enforcement of rights and duties. Mongolia continues to reform its legal codes to improve clarity, efficiency, and access to justice, while aligning with international standards and obligations.

See also: Mongolian legal system, constitutional framework of Mongolia.