Hsections

Hsections, or H-sections, are a class of structural steel shapes characterized by an H-shaped cross-section formed by two parallel flanges connected by a central web. The geometry results in a symmetric profile that provides high bending stiffness in both principal directions and improved torsional resistance, making them suitable for load-bearing members in frames and supports.

Manufacture and standards: H-sections are typically produced by hot rolling carbon steel and are offered in a range of standard sizes. Dimensions, mass, and tolerances are specified by national and international standards, including ISO, EN, and ASTM/CSA/JS standards, with regional catalogs sometimes differentiating names. In some markets these shapes are referred to as wide-flange or H-beam sections, and the exact naming can vary by country and standard.

Mechanical properties and design: Compared to other beam shapes, H-sections provide high second moments of area and favorable strength-to-weight ratios for both major and minor axes. They accommodate bolted or welded connections and are compatible with common structural steel detailing practices. The symmetric profile minimizes abrupt twists under lateral loading and supports consistent behavior under multi-directional loads.

Applications: H-sections are widely used in structural frameworks for high-rise buildings, long-span bridges, industrial facilities, and crane and column systems. They are selected when stiffness, strength, and uniform behavior in multiple directions are priorities.

History and naming: The H-section name reflects the cross-section’s characteristic shape. Production and use expanded with the growth of modern structural steel construction in the 20th century, and today H-sections are part of global standard catalogs.