Houndsharks

Houndsharks are a diverse group of sharks belonging to the order Carcharhiniformes. This order is the largest and most varied of all shark orders, encompassing many familiar species. The term "houndshark" is often used informally to describe many members of this group, though it more specifically refers to sharks within the family Triakidae. These sharks are characterized by their two dorsal fins, an anal fin, and five gill slits. They generally possess small, rounded teeth, adapted for crushing or grasping prey rather than tearing.

Houndsharks are found in temperate and tropical waters worldwide, inhabiting both coastal areas and the open ocean. Their diet varies greatly depending on the species and habitat, but commonly includes small fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods. Many houndsharks are relatively small to medium-sized, though some species can reach larger dimensions. They are ovoviviparous, meaning their eggs hatch inside the mother, and the young are born live.

Species commonly referred to as houndsharks include the smooth-hounds (genus Mustelus), tope sharks (genus Galeorhinus), and leopard sharks (Triakis semifasciata). These sharks play important roles in their respective marine ecosystems. While generally not considered a significant threat to humans, some larger species may bite if provoked. Conservation concerns exist for some houndshark populations due to overfishing and habitat degradation.