Hjärtdöd

Hjärtdöd refers to death caused by a sudden and unexpected cessation of the heart's function. This event is often referred to as sudden cardiac arrest. The underlying cause is typically an electrical malfunction in the heart, leading to an irregular heartbeat or complete stoppage. This electrical disturbance prevents the heart from effectively pumping blood to the brain and other vital organs.

The most common underlying condition associated with hjärtdöd is coronary artery disease, where plaque buildup narrows the arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle. Other potential causes include cardiomyopathy, congenital heart defects, and severe electrolyte imbalances. Symptoms preceding hjärtdöd can vary but may include chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, and palpitations. In many cases, however, the onset is abrupt with no prior warning signs.

Immediate medical intervention is crucial for survival. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation, which uses an electrical shock to restore a normal heart rhythm, are the primary treatments. The success rate of these interventions depends heavily on how quickly they are administered. Public access to automated external defibrillators (AEDs) has significantly improved the chances of survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Prevention strategies focus on managing risk factors for heart disease, such as maintaining a healthy lifestyle, controlling blood pressure and cholesterol, and avoiding smoking.