Hjärtkärlbiverkningar

Hjärtkärlbiverkningar are adverse effects that affect the cardiovascular system, which includes the heart and blood vessels. These can arise from various causes, most commonly as a side effect of medications, but also from underlying diseases, infections, or lifestyle factors.

When medication-induced, hjärtkärlbiverkningar can manifest in several ways. Some drugs may cause an increased or decreased heart rate (tachycardia or bradycardia), while others can lead to irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias). Blood pressure can also be affected, resulting in hypertension (high blood pressure) or hypotension (low blood pressure). Certain medications might also increase the risk of more serious cardiovascular events such as heart attack, stroke, or blood clots.

Symptoms of hjärtkärlbiverkningar can vary widely depending on the specific effect. They might include palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, swelling in the extremities, or unusual fatigue. It is crucial for individuals experiencing any new or worsening cardiovascular symptoms, especially when starting a new medication or altering a dose, to seek medical attention promptly.

The assessment and management of hjärtkärlbiverkningar typically involve a thorough medical history, physical examination, and potentially diagnostic tests like electrocardiograms (ECG), blood tests, or imaging studies. Treatment strategies depend on the identified cause and severity of the side effect, and may include adjusting medication dosages, switching to an alternative drug, or prescribing medications to manage the cardiovascular symptoms. Prevention often involves careful drug selection, monitoring for side effects, and managing pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors.