HighVoltage

High voltage is a term used in electrical engineering to describe voltages that require specialized insulation, clearances, and safety practices beyond ordinary consumer equipment. It applies to power transmission, electrical equipment, and scientific instrumentation, and its exact definition varies across regions and contexts.

In electricity networks, high voltage refers to voltages used to transmit and distribute electricity over long distances. Transmission lines commonly operate at 110 kV, 230 kV, 345 kV, 500 kV, or 765 kV, with ultra-high voltage lines exceeding 1000 kV in some systems. High voltage equipment includes transformers, switchgear, insulators, cables, surge arresters, and gas-insulated lines. Design emphasizes insulation coordination, creepage and clearance distances, and robust materials to withstand environmental stress and electrical transients.

Safety and standards: Working with high voltage involves hazards such as electric shock and arc flash. Standards from organizations such as IEC and IEEE cover insulation requirements, clearances, testing, protection, and safe work practices. Regular maintenance and proper training are essential.

Applications: In addition to power grids, high voltage is used in research facilities (particle accelerators, X-ray machines, electron microscopes), industrial processes (electrical discharge machining, electrostatic precipitation), and specialty equipment (neon signs, high-voltage test gear).