Hiekkakärpästen

Hiekkakärpästen refers to a group of small, biting insects commonly found in sandy or dusty areas. These insects are often referred to as sandflies or biting midges in English. They belong to the order Diptera, meaning they have only one pair of wings. Their larval stages typically develop in moist environments such as damp soil, decaying vegetation, or stagnant water.

Adult hiekkakärpästen are most active during dawn and dusk, though some species may also bite during the day, especially in shaded areas. Females of many species are hematophagous, meaning they feed on blood, which is necessary for egg development. Their bites can be irritating and cause itching, redness, and swelling. In some regions, certain species of hiekkakärpästen are known vectors for diseases, though this is less common in Finland where the term is frequently used.

The appearance of hiekkakärpästen can vary, but they are generally small, typically a few millimeters in length, and often dark in color. Their mouthparts are adapted for piercing the skin of their hosts, which can include humans, livestock, and wildlife. While they can be a nuisance due to their biting, they also play a role in the ecosystem as a food source for other animals. Control measures often focus on avoiding exposure during peak activity times and using insect repellent.