Hashimototüroidiidi

Hashimototüroidiit, also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland. This chronic inflammation can lead to the destruction of thyroid cells and, consequently, impaired thyroid hormone production. It is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in many parts of the world.

The exact cause of Hashimototüroidiidi is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. While it can affect anyone, it is more prevalent in women, particularly those between the ages of 30 and 50. Other autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or type 1 diabetes, may coexist with Hashimototüroidiidi.

Symptoms of Hashimototüroidiidi can develop gradually and may include fatigue, weight gain, feeling cold, dry skin, constipation, muscle aches, and depression. In some cases, individuals may experience a goiter, which is a swelling in the neck due to an enlarged thyroid gland. However, some individuals may have no noticeable symptoms, especially in the early stages.

Diagnosis is typically made through blood tests that measure thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and thyroid antibodies, such as anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies. Ultrasound of the thyroid may also be used. Treatment usually involves thyroid hormone replacement therapy with synthetic levothyroxine to restore normal hormone levels and alleviate symptoms. Regular monitoring of thyroid function is important to adjust medication dosage as needed.