Habaki

Habaki is a metal collar that surrounds the base of a traditional Japanese blade, such as a katana, wakizashi, or tanto. It encircles the blade just above the tang and sits between the blade and the mounting components of the handle (tsuka) and scabbard (saya). Most habaki are made from copper or brass, though gilded or patinated variants exist. The habaki is formed from a sheet of metal wrapped around the blade base, with the inner surface carefully shaped to match the blade’s curvature and the outer surface shaped to present a smooth, rounded profile against the saya mouth. It is often finished so that the outer edge sits flush with the saya and the blade can be drawn smoothly.

Function and purpose: The habaki creates a secure fit of the blade within the saya, helps align the blade with the tsuka, and conceals the tang and mekugi pegs. By providing a snug seal at the mouth of the saya, it also helps hold the blade in place during movement and transfer of energy. The presence and patina of the habaki can influence the perceived balance and aesthetics of the sword, though its weight is typically modest.

Variants and maintenance: Habaki can vary in color and patina, commonly described as shiro habaki (bright or light patina) or kuro habaki (dark patina). Decorative or specialized variants may use different alloys or inlays. Replacing or adjusting a habaki requires skilled workmanship to preserve fit, alignment, and the integrity of the mounting.

See also: tsuka, saya, mekugi, seppa.