scabbard

A scabbard is a sheath designed to hold and protect a bladed weapon, such as a sword or knife, when it is not in use. Its primary purposes are to shield the blade from damage, prevent accidental injury, and enable safer handling and transport. Scabards have appeared in many cultures throughout history, reflecting a broad range of designs and decorative traditions.

Materials used for scabbards vary widely. Traditional examples include carved wood, leather stitched or riveted together, and metal fittings for added durability. Some modern scabbards use plastic or composite materials. Interiors are often lined with soft materials such as felt or leather to protect the blade’s edge and finish. Most scabbards include a means of attachment to a belt, baldric, or suspension system, enabling carry at the hip, across the body, or at other positions. Common fittings include loops, rings, or a leather frog that secures the scabbard to a belt.

Design features commonly found on scabbards include the opening that receives the blade, sometimes called the throat, and a protective end piece, or chape, at the tip to resist wear. Decorative metal fittings and engravings are also common on ceremonial or high-end examples. Some scabbards are open at the tip to accommodate longer weapons, while others are fully enclosed.

Historically, scabbards served practical needs for combat and travel as well as ceremonial and symbolic purposes. Proper care and environment affect blade condition and scabbard longevity.