HER2överuttryck

HER2överuttryck, also known as HER2 overexpression, refers to a condition where a specific protein called Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2) is present in unusually high amounts on the surface of certain cells. This protein plays a role in cell growth and division. In some types of cancer, particularly breast cancer, HER2överuttryck can lead to more aggressive tumor growth and a poorer prognosis.

The HER2 gene provides the instructions for making the HER2 protein. When the HER2 gene is amplified or duplicated, it results in an overproduction of the HER2 protein. This excessive HER2 signaling can stimulate cancer cells to grow and divide uncontrollably, contributing to the development and progression of cancer.

Diagnosing HER2överuttryck is crucial for guiding treatment decisions. It is typically assessed through laboratory tests performed on a sample of the tumor tissue. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) are common methods used to detect HER2 status. A positive result for HER2överuttryck indicates that targeted therapies designed to block the HER2 protein might be effective.

The identification of HER2överuttryck has revolutionized the treatment of HER2-positive cancers. Targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab and pertuzumab, specifically target the HER2 protein, inhibiting its activity and slowing or stopping cancer cell growth. These advancements have significantly improved outcomes for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.