Gyújtásrendszerek

Gyújtásrendszerek refer to the components and mechanisms within an internal combustion engine that initiate combustion. Their primary function is to produce a high-voltage electrical spark at the precise moment required to ignite the compressed air-fuel mixture in the cylinder. The timing of this spark is critical for engine performance, fuel efficiency, and emissions control.

Historically, the earliest gyújtásrendszerek were contact breaker systems, also known as points and condenser systems. These relied on a mechanical switch (points) to interrupt the flow of current to the ignition coil, generating a spark. Modern vehicles predominantly use electronic ignition systems, which offer greater precision and reliability. These can be further categorized into distributor-based electronic ignition and distributorless ignition systems (DIS).

Distributor-based electronic ignition systems still use a distributor to route the spark to the correct cylinder but employ electronic components, such as an ignition module, to control the spark timing instead of mechanical points. Distributorless ignition systems eliminate the distributor entirely, utilizing individual ignition coils for each spark plug or pairs of spark plugs. This design simplifies the system and reduces maintenance. Advanced gyújtásrendszerek are often integrated with the engine control unit (ECU), allowing for sophisticated adjustments to ignition timing based on various engine operating parameters, such as engine speed, load, and temperature.