Grundabsicherung

Grundabsicherung is a term used in German-speaking welfare policy to describe the minimal level of social protection guaranteed to individuals in need. It aims to ensure a basic standard of living, protect people from poverty, and enable participation in society, education, and work.

In practice, Grundabsicherung combines cash benefits with services and access to care. Core elements typically include regular financial support to cover essential living costs such as food and clothing, housing and heating allowances, access to healthcare, and opportunities for social participation. Depending on the program or country, it may also encompass long‑term care, child allowances, and in-kind provisions.

In Germany the concept is realized through the Sozialgesetzbuch (SGB). It is closely related to Grundsicherung, notably Grundsicherung für Arbeitsuchende (SGB II) and Grundsicherung im Alter und bei Erwerbsminderung (SGB XII), which together provide income support and services for job seekers, older people, and those with disabilities. Eligibility generally depends on residence, income, assets, and household situation; programs set standard rates and may include housing allowances to ensure a basic living standard.

Grundabsicherung serves as a safety net to prevent poverty, stabilize income, and provide transitional support, while often aiming to promote self-sufficiency through active measures and labor market policies. Debates around the concept commonly address adequacy, efficiency of administration, and the balance between social protection and incentives for work.