Groeiremming

Groeiremming, or growth retardation, is a horticultural practice aimed at limiting plant height and vegetative growth to achieve more compact canopies, easier handling, and, in some cases, improved yield and fruit quality. It is typically achieved by applying plant growth regulators that interfere with gibberellin biosynthesis or signaling, though genetic approaches such as dwarfing rootstocks or naturally compact cultivars are also used.

Common chemical growth retardants include paclobutrazol, uniconazole, chlormequat chloride (CCC), and daminozide. These substances decrease internode elongation and leaf expansion, producing shorter, sturdier plants. The choice of product, timing, and rate depend on the crop, growth stage, and climate. In addition to chemical methods, growers employ dwarfing rootstocks and breeding to obtain compact plant types.

Applications span ornamentals in nurseries, fruit crops and vineyards, and some vegetables, where reduced vigor helps with spacing, pruning, harvest efficiency, and light penetration. Effects are often compatible with desired management goals, though environmental conditions can influence outcomes and flowering or fruiting may be affected if treatments are not aligned with the plant’s life cycle.

Risks and considerations include potential phytotoxicity from misapplication, residue concerns, and environmental impact; regulatory status varies by country and product. Proper integration with irrigation, fertilization, pest management, and pruning is important to maintain or achieve the desired plant form while minimizing negative side effects.