Gobiesociformes

Gobiesociformes is an order of ray-finned fishes commonly known as clingfishes. These small, elongated fishes are characterized by their fused pelvic fins, which form a strong, circular adhesive disc on their ventral surface. This disc allows them to cling tightly to various substrates, such as rocks, coral, and seaweed, even in strong currents. Gobiesociformes are found in temperate and tropical oceans worldwide, inhabiting a range of environments from shallow tide pools to the deep sea.

The order Gobiesociformes is divided into two families: Gobiesocidae and Cheloconchidae. The family Gobiesocidae is the larger and more diverse, with over 30 genera and 150 species. These species exhibit a wide variety of colors and patterns, often mimicking their surroundings for camouflage. Many clingfish species are carnivorous, feeding on small invertebrates like crustaceans and mollusks, while some are herbivorous, consuming algae. Their adhesive disc is also used to protect themselves from predators by adhering to surfaces where larger fish cannot easily dislodge them.

The family Cheloconchidae contains only one genus and species, Cheloconchus chinensis, found in the western Pacific Ocean. This species is notable for its unusual flattened body shape and its association with sea turtles, often found living on their shells. Gobiesociformes play a role in marine ecosystems as both prey and predator. Their unique adaptations for clinging and their presence in diverse habitats make them an interesting subject of study in marine ichthyology.