Glomerulonefriiteistä

Glomerulonefriiteistä refers to a group of kidney diseases that damage the glomeruli, which are tiny filters in the kidneys responsible for removing waste and excess fluid from the blood. Inflammation is a key characteristic of glomerulonephritis, hence the "nephritis" part of the name.

This condition can affect people of all ages, but it is more common in children and young adults. Glomerulonephritis can develop suddenly (acute) or gradually over time (chronic). Acute glomerulonephritis often appears after a bacterial infection, such as strep throat. Chronic glomerulonephritis can be caused by genetic factors, autoimmune diseases like lupus, or other underlying health conditions such as high blood pressure or diabetes.

Symptoms can vary greatly depending on the severity and type of glomerulonephritis. Some individuals may have no noticeable symptoms, while others can experience blood in the urine (hematuria), protein in the urine (proteinuria), swelling in the legs, ankles, or face (edema), fatigue, and changes in urination frequency or volume. High blood pressure is also a common sign.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, urine tests to detect blood and protein, and blood tests to assess kidney function. Kidney biopsies are often performed to confirm the diagnosis and determine the specific type and severity of the inflammation.

Treatment for glomerulonephritis depends on the underlying cause and the extent of kidney damage. It may include medications to control blood pressure, reduce inflammation, or suppress the immune system. Dietary changes, such as reducing salt and protein intake, may also be recommended. In severe cases where kidney function is significantly impaired, dialysis or a kidney transplant might be necessary. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term kidney damage.