Gliceringlicerol

Gliceringlicerol, more commonly known as glycerol or glycerin, is a simple polyol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic. Glycerol has the chemical formula C3H8O3. It is a trihydroxy alcohol, meaning it contains three hydroxyl (OH) groups. This structure makes it soluble in water and alcohol. Glycerol is a byproduct of both animal and vegetable fats. In the human body, it is a component of triglycerides, which are the main form of stored fat.

Industrially, glycerol is produced through several methods, including saponification of fats and oils, and transesterification of triglycerides, which is a key process in biodiesel production. It is also synthesized from propylene. Glycerol has a wide range of applications due to its humectant (moisture-retaining), solvent, and sweetening properties. It is used extensively in the food industry as a sweetener, solvent, and thickener, and is often found in baked goods, confections, and beverages. In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, it is a common ingredient in moisturizers, lotions, soaps, toothpaste, and medications. Glycerol also serves as a precursor in the synthesis of nitroglycerin, an explosive, and is used in the production of antifreeze and as a plasticizer.